Changes in serum complements and their regulators in generalized myasthenia gravis

Eur J Neurol. 2021 Jan;28(1):314-322. doi: 10.1111/ene.14500. Epub 2020 Sep 27.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate changes in serum complements and their regulators in the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis (MG).

Methods: Forty-four patients with acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive MG, as well as 20 patients with non-inflammatory neurological disorders were enrolled. Serum complements (C3, C4 and soluble C5b-9) and complement regulators (vitronectin, clusterin and properdin) were extensively analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and their associations with clinical profiles of MG were examined.

Results: Serum C3, C4 and clusterin levels were not significantly different between patients with MG and controls. The patients with MG had higher soluble C5b-9 (P = 0.09) and vitronectin (P = 0.001) levels than the controls; moreover, vitronectin levels decreased after treatment (P = 0.09). Serum properdin (P = 0.03) levels were lower in the patients with MG than in the controls, and negatively correlated with the MG Activities of Daily Living score (rs = -0.26, P = 0.09) and with the presence of bulbar palsy (P = 0.04).

Conclusion: Our results show that activation of complements and an altered complement network could contribute to the inflammatory pathogenesis of MG.

Keywords: complement regulators; complements; myasthenia gravis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Activities of Daily Living*
  • Autoantibodies
  • Complement System Proteins
  • Humans
  • Myasthenia Gravis*
  • Receptors, Cholinergic

Substances

  • Autoantibodies
  • Receptors, Cholinergic
  • Complement System Proteins