Objective: To explore the relationship between the worker-occupation fit and occupational stress in nurses. Methods: Convenience sampling method was used to collect 1 463 nurses from one general hospital and three specialized hospitals from July to October 2019. Depression-anxiety-stress scale (DASS-21) was used to assess the level of occupational stress. Pearson correlation and multivariate logistic regression model were used to analyze the relationship between the worker-occupation fit and occupational stress. Results: The average age of 1 463 nurses was (31.8±7.2) years, and 92.3% (n=1 350) of nurses were female. 47.2% (n=690) of nurses had occupational stress and the mean score of worker-occupation fit was (34.4±6.1). The worker-occupation fit and occupational stress had a significant negative correlation (r=-0.472, P<0.001). The moderate and high level of the worker-occupation fit, characteristic fit, need supply fit, and demand ability fit had protective effects on occupational stress based on the outcome of multivariate logistic regression model [OR (95%CI) were 0.40 (0.28-0.59), 0.16 (0.10-0.24); 0.32 (0.22-0.47), 0.18 (0.11-0.20); 0.33 (0.21-0.52), 0.18 (0.11-0.30); 0.59 (0.37-0.9), 0.54 (0.38-0.78), respectively]. Conclusion: The worker-occupation fit and different types of fit, including characteristic fit, need supply fit, and demand ability fit, could be associated with the occupational stress.
目的： 探索护理人员工作适配与职业紧张间的关联。 方法： 于2019年7至10月，采用方便抽样的方法，抽取1所综合性医院及3所专科医院的1 463名护理人员为研究对象。采用自行设计的调查问卷收集一般资料及评价工作适配水平；采用抑郁-焦虑-紧张量表（DASS-21）评估职业紧张水平。采用Pearson相关分析探索职业紧张与工作适配的相关性，并采用多因素logistic回归模型分析工作适配与职业紧张的关联。 结果： 1 463名研究对象年龄为（31.8±7.2）岁，其中女性占92.3%（1 350名）；职业紧张检出率为47.2%（690名）；工作适配得分为（34.4±6.1）分。工作适配与职业紧张呈负相关（r=-0.472，P<0.001）；多因素logistic回归模型分析显示，与低度适配相比，工作适配及适配类型（属性适配、需求供应适配、能力要求适配）的中、高度适配均对职业紧张具有保护作用［OR（95%CI）值分别为0.40（0.28~0.59）、0.16（0.10~0.24）；0.32（0.22~0.47）、0.18（0.11~0.20）；0.33（0.21~0.52）、0.18（0.11~0.30）；0.59（0.37~0.95）、0.54（0.38~0.78）］。 结论： 工作适配及适配类型（属性适配、需求供应适配、能力要求适配）与职业紧张均有关联。.
Keywords: Occupational medicine; Stress, psychological; Worker occupation fit.