Has hyperglycemia a different prognostic role in STEMI patients with or without diabetes?

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2021 Feb 8;31(2):528-531. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.09.005. Epub 2020 Sep 17.

Abstract

Background and aims: Hyperglycemia at hospital admission is a common finding in patients with STEMI. However, whether elevated acute glycemia in these patients may have a direct impact on worsening prognosis or is just a marker of a greater neurohormonal activation in response to the infarction is still unsettled. We sought to investigate the prognostic impact of hyperglycemia at hospital admission in patients undergoing primary PCI (pPCI) for STEMI, and the influence of the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) on its prognostic impact.

Methods: and Results, We enrolled 2958 consecutive STEMI patients treated by pPCI. Hyperglycemia was defined as plasma glucose >198 mg/dL (or >11 mmol/L). Patients with hyperglycemia showed a greater risk-profile; they also experienced a higher mortality both at univariable (17.6% vs 5.2%, p < 0.001) and multivariable (HR 1.9, 95%IC 1.5-2.9, p = 0.001) analysis. However, after stratification for DM presence, hyperglycemia resulted as an independent predictor of mortality only in patients without DM (HR 2, 95%IC 1.2-3.4, p = 0.01).

Conclusion: Hyperglycemia in the setting of myocardial infarction treated with primary PCI in an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in patients without diabetes; in patients with diabetes, its prognostic impact seems attenuated.

Keywords: Acute hyperglycemia; Diabetes mellitus; Glucidic pre-conditioning; Inflammation; Myocardial infarction; Primary PCI; Prognosis; STEMI.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism*
  • Diabetes Mellitus / blood*
  • Diabetes Mellitus / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus / mortality
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / blood*
  • Hyperglycemia / diagnosis
  • Hyperglycemia / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Admission
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / mortality
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Glucose