Mycobacterium abscessus Gastric Band Infection Complicated by Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome and Cured in the Context of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Noralfazita An; Duncan Purtill; Peter Boan

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofaa637

Mycobacterium abscessus Gastric Band Infection Complicated by Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome and Cured in the Context of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Open Forum Infect Dis. 2020 Dec 23;8(2):ofaa637. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa637. eCollection 2021 Feb.

Authors

Noralfazita An^{1

2}, Duncan Purtill³, Peter Boan^{1

4}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Infectious Diseases, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia.
² Seberang Jaya Hospital, Seberang Jaya, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
³ Department of Haematology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia.
⁴ Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia.

Abstract

We present a case of abdominal gastric band-associated Mycobacterium abscessus infection, manifesting after the onset of acute myeloid leukemia, complicated by immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), and cured while receiving an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. IRIS should be considered in less classical situations where there is unexplained clinical deterioration.

Keywords: Mycobacterium abscessus; gastric band; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; rapid growing mycobacteria.