Background: Perioperative treatment has become an increasingly important aspect of the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Small-scale clinical studies performed in recent years have shown improvements in the major pathological remission rate after neoadjuvant therapy, suggesting that it will soon become an important part of NSCLC treatment. Nevertheless, neoadjuvant immunotherapy may be accompanied by serious adverse reactions that lead to delay or cancelation of surgery, additional illness, and even death, and have therefore attracted much attention. The purpose of the clinical recommendations is to form a diagnosis and treatment plan suitable for the current domestic medical situation for the immune-related adverse event (irAE).
Methods: This recommendation is composed of experts in thoracic surgery, oncologists, thoracic medicine and irAE related departments (gastroenterology, respirology, cardiology, infectious medicine, hematology, endocrinology, rheumatology, neurology, dermatology, emergency section) to jointly complete the formulation. Experts make full reference to the irAE guidelines, large-scale clinical research data published by thoracic surgery, and the clinical experience of domestic doctors and publicly published cases, and repeated discussions in multiple disciplines to form this recommendation for perioperative irAE.
Results: This clinical recommendation covers the whole process of prevention, evaluation, examination, treatment and monitoring related to irAE, so as to guide the clinical work comprehensively and effectively.
Conclusions: Perioperative irAE management is an important part of immune perioperative treatment of lung cancer. With the continuous development of immune perioperative treatment, more research is needed in the future to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of perioperative irAE.
【中文题目：非小细胞肺癌围手术期免疫治疗 相关不良反应管理的临床诊疗建议】 【中文摘要：背景与目的 肺癌围手术期治疗（术前新辅助治疗及术后辅助治疗）作为手术的重要辅助手段，已成为非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC）全程管理中越来越重要的环节。近年来，小规模临床研究发现免疫新辅助治疗主要病理缓解率明显提升，甚至达到完全病理缓解，有望成为NSCLC治疗的重要组成部分。然而，免疫新辅助治疗带来疗效和生存获益，同时，其相关严重不良反应（延误手术、丧失手术机会、死亡等）备受关注。本诊疗建议目的是针对免疫检查点抑制剂相关不良反应（immune-related adverse event, irAE）形成适合国内医疗现状的诊疗方案。方法 本文由胸外科专家、肿瘤学专家、胸内科专家以及irAE相关科室专家（消化内科、呼吸内科、心血管内科、感染内科、血液内科、内分泌科、风湿免疫科、神经内科、皮肤科和急诊科）共同完成本诊疗意见的制定工作。专家充分参考irAE指南、胸外科公开发表的大型临床研究数据以及国内医生的临床实战经验和公开发表个案，多学科反复讨论，形成针对围手术期免疫治疗相关不良反应的诊疗建议。结果 本诊疗意见涵盖irAE相关的预防、评估、检查、治疗和监测全过程，以便全面、有效的指导临床工作。结论 围手术期irAE管理是肺癌免疫围手术期治疗的重要组成部分，随着免疫围手术期治疗的不断发展，未来需要更多的研究，以优化围手术irAE的诊疗。 】 【中文关键词：肺肿瘤；围手术期免疫治疗；免疫相关不良事件；诊疗建议】.
Keywords: Clinical recommendation; Immune checkpoint inhibitor related adverse events; Lung neoplasms; Perioperative immunotherapy.