Objective: To systematically evaluate the association of early nutrition intake with the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and Weipu Periodical Database were searched for the observational studies on the association between early nutrition intake and BPD. RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform a Meta analysis of eligible studies.
Results: Eight observational studies were included, with 548 infants with BPD and 522 infants without BPD. The Meta analysis showed that the BPD group had a significantly lower caloric intake than the non-BPD group within the first week after birth and in the first 2 weeks after birth (P < 0.05). The BPD group had a significantly lower enteral nutrition intake than the non-BPD group (WMD=-18.27, 95%CI:-29.70 to -6.84, P < 0.05), as well as a significantly lower intake of carbohydrate, fat, and protein (P < 0.05). The BPD group had a significantly longer duration of parenteral nutrition than the non-BPD group (WMD=14.26, 95%CI:13.26-15.25, P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Early nutrition deficiency may be associated with the development of BPD, and more attention should be paid to enteral feeding of infants at a high risk of BPD to achieve total enteral feeding as soon as possible.
目的: 系统分析早期营养摄入与支气管肺发育不良（BPD）风险的相关性。
方法: 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库，检索有关早期营养摄入与BPD相关的观察性研究，采用RevMan 5.3统计软件对符合纳入标准的临床研究进行Meta分析。
结果: 共纳入8项研究，其中BPD患儿548例，非BPD患儿522例。Meta分析显示，生后第1周及生后前2周BPD组热卡摄入均显著低于非BPD组（P < 0.05）。BPD组肠内营养摄入显著低于非BPD组（WMD=-18.27，95% CI：-29.70~-6.84，P < 0.05）。糖类、脂肪、蛋白质的摄入也显著低于非BPD组（P < 0.05）。BPD组肠外营养时间较非BPD组延长（WMD=14.26，95% CI：13.26~15.25，P < 0.05）。
结论: 早期营养摄入不足可能与BPD的发生有关，应加强高危BPD患儿的肠内喂养，尽早达到全肠内喂养。