Association of admitting physician specialty and care quality and outcomes in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI): insights from a national registry

Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes. 2022 Aug 17;8(5):557-567. doi: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcab038.

Abstract

Aim: Little is known about the association between admitting physician specialty and care quality and outcomes for non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI).

Methods and results: We identified 288 420 patients hospitalized with NSTEMI between 2010 and 2017 in the UK Myocardial Infarction National Audit Project database. The cohort was dichotomized according to care under a non-cardiologist (n = 146 722) and care under a cardiologist (n = 141 698) within the first 24 h of admission to hospital. Patients admitted under a cardiologist were significantly younger (70 vs. 75 years, P < 0.001), and less likely to be female (32% vs. 39%, P < 0.001). Independent factors associated with admission under a cardiologist included prior history of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) [odds ratio (OR) 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.07; P = 0.04], hypercholesterolaemia (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.15-1.20; P < 0.001), hypertension (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.04; P = 0.01), and admission to an interventional centre (OR 3.90, 95% CI 3.79-4.00; P < 0.001). Patients admitted under cardiology were more likely to receive optimal pharmacotherapy, undergo invasive coronary angiography (79% vs. 60%, P < 0.001), and receive revascularization in the form of PCI (52% vs. 36%, P < 0.001). Following propensity score matching, odds of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.79-0.85; P < 0.001), re-infarction (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66-0.91; P = 0.001), and major adverse cardiovascular events (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.78-0.84; P < 0.001) were lower in patients admitted under a cardiologist.

Conclusion: Patients with NSTEMI admitted under a cardiologist within 24 h of hospital admission were more likely to receive guideline-directed management and had better clinical outcomes.

Keywords: Cardiologist; Mortality; NSTEMI; Specialty.

MeSH terms

  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Myocardial Infarction* / epidemiology
  • Myocardial Infarction* / surgery
  • Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction* / epidemiology
  • Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction* / surgery
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Physicians*
  • Registries
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction* / epidemiology
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction* / surgery
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome