Early continuous glucose monitoring for predicting remission of type 2 diabetes 1 year after bariatric surgery

Diabetes Metab. 2021 Nov;47(6):101255. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2021.101255. Epub 2021 May 12.

Abstract

Background: Bariatric surgery in obese subjects can result in remission of type 2 diabetes (T2D) at a distant time post-surgery. The aim of our observational prospective single-centre study was to examine glycaemic patterns in adult T2D candidates for bariatric surgery using a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor for 14 days after surgery to search for indicators predictive of T2D remission 1 year later.

Methods: Patients underwent CGM preoperatively and for 14 days postoperatively. Thereafter, body weight and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were monitored at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery.

Results: A total of 31 patients (mean age 47±2 years) were analyzed. After surgery, mean interstitial glucose levels fell rapidly from 157±31mg/dL preoperatively to 109±35mg/dL postoperatively (P<0.001), reaching nadir levels from day 3 after surgery. Successful bariatric surgery (loss of excess weight ≥50%) was observed in 28 (90%) patients, and diabetes remission (HbA1c≤6% with no antidiabetic treatment) 1 year after surgery was noted in 21 (68%) patients. CGM for 14 days post-surgery allowed prediction of diabetes remission 1 year after surgery: time spent above range <14% and standard deviation (SD) of glucose levels <33mg/dL were both strong predictors of T2D remission. Indeed, the association of these two criteria predicted diabetes remission with a 100% positive predictive value, 81% sensitivity and 100% specificity and, when combined with the advanced Diabetes Remission (Ad-DiaRem) score, further increased predictive accuracy.

Conclusion: The use of 14-day postoperative CGM recordings together with presurgical clinical scores can help to predict diabetes remission 1 year after bariatric surgery.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Continuous glucose monitoring; Diabetes remission; Type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Bariatric Surgery*
  • Blood Glucose
  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / surgery
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / analysis
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Remission Induction
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A