Objective: To observe the changes of parameters derived from transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) before and after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, and to evaluate the clinical value of TTE in the perioperative period of LVAD implantation. Methods: This is a retrospective study. The data of patients who underwent LVAD implantation in Fuwai Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The TTE parameters, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and total bilirubin (TBil) before and 1 month after LVAD implantation were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 12 male patients undergoing LVAD implantation were included in this study. The mean age was (43.3±8.6) years. The left atrial volume index ((41.4±12.8)ml/m2 vs. (74.9±30.7)ml/m2, P<0.001), left ventricular end-diastolic volume index ((152.1±35.3)ml/m2 vs. (205.5±35.7)ml/m2, P<0.001), left ventricular end-systolic volume index ((112.5±27.9)ml/m2 vs. (155.1±29.1)ml/m2, P<0.001), right atrial diameter index ((23.7±3.5)mm/m2 vs. (27.2±5.8)mm/m2, P=0.023), right ventricular internal diameter at end-diastole ((24.6±2.7)mm vs. (30.0±4.8)mm, P<0.001), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion ((11.5±2.9)mm vs. (14.6±2.8)mm, P=0.007), systolic pulmonary arterial pressure ((29.2±4.8) mmHg vs. (55.1±19.3) mmHg, P<0.001, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) were significantly reduced at 1 month post LVAD implantation as compared to before LVAD implantation. The aortic sinus diameter ((33.8±4.7)mm vs. (31.6±5.1)mm, P=0.007), left ventricular ejection fraction ((26.3±3.0)% vs. (23.8±4.4)%, P=0.016), right ventricular fractional area change ((31.0±8.6)% vs. (23.8±5.5)%, P=0.004) at 1 month post LVAD implantation were significantly higher than before LVAD implantation. The degree of mitral and tricuspid regurgitation decreased, and the inspiratory collapse rate of inferior vena cava increased (all P<0.05). NT-proBNP ((1 418.4±812.6)ng/L vs. (5 097.5±3 940.4)ng/L, P=0.004) and TBil ((12.4±5.4)μmol/L vs. (27.5±14.0)μmol/L, P=0.001) decreased significantly at 1 month post LVAD implantation. Conclusions: TTE results show that LVAD could effectively relieve left ventricular load and improve right ventricular function. TTE can monitor the cardiac structural and functional changes during the perioperative period of LVAD implantation, and provide the imaging evidence for clinical evaluation of the therapeutic effect of LVAD.
目的： 观察经胸超声心动图（TTE）参数在左心室辅助装置（LVAD）置入术前、后的变化，探讨TTE在LVAD置入术围手术期中的临床运用价值。 方法： 本研究为回顾性研究，纳入2018年1月至2020年12月在中国医学科学院阜外医院置入LVAD的终末期心力衰竭患者。收集患者的临床基本信息，采集并分析LVAD置入前1周及置入后1个月的TTE参数及血清N末端B型利钠肽原（NT-proBNP）和总胆红素（TBil）水平。 结果： 本研究共纳入12例置入LVAD的患者，均为男性，年龄（43.3±8.6）岁。置入LVAD后1个月，患者的左心房容积指数［（41.4±12.8）ml/m2比（74.9±30.7）ml/m2，P<0.001］、左心室舒张末容积指数［（152.1±35.3）ml/m2比（205.5±35.7）ml/m2，P<0.001］、左心室收缩末容积指数［（112.5±27.9）ml/m2比（155.1±29.1）ml/m2，P<0.001］、右心房横径指数［（23.7±3.5）mm/m2比（27.2±5.8）mm/m2，P=0.023］、右心室舒张末期前后径［（24.6±2.7）mm比（30.0±4.8）mm，P<0.001］、三尖瓣环收缩期位移［（11.5±2.9）mm比（14.6±2.8）mm，P=0.007］、肺动脉收缩压［（29.2±4.8）mmHg比（55.1±19.3）mmHg，P<0.001，1 mmHg=0.133 kPa］均较置入前降低。而主动脉窦部内径［（33.8±4.7）mm比（31.6±5.1）mm，P=0.007］、左心室射血分数［（26.3±3.0）%比（23.8±4.4）%，P=0.016］、右心室面积变化分数［（31.0±8.6）%比（23.8±5.5）%，P=0.004］均较置入前增加。二尖瓣、三尖瓣反流程度降低，下腔静脉吸气塌陷率增大（P均<0.05）。NT-proBNP［（1 418.4±812.6）ng/L比（5 097.5±3 940.4）ng/L，P=0.004］及TBil［（12.4±5.4）μmol/L比（27.5±14.0）μmol/L，t=4.284，P=0.001］较术前明显降低。 结论： TTE显示LVAD置入后左心有效卸负荷，右心功能改善；TTE可在围手术期监测患者的心脏结构和功能变化，为临床评估LVAD治疗效果提供依据。.