Time in Range as a Research Outcome Measure

Joseph G Timmons; James G Boyle; John R Petrie

doi:10.2337/ds20-0097

Time in Range as a Research Outcome Measure

Diabetes Spectr. 2021 May;34(2):133-138. doi: 10.2337/ds20-0097. Epub 2021 May 25.

Authors

Joseph G Timmons^{1

2}, James G Boyle^{2

3}, John R Petrie^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K.
² Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K.
³ School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K.

Abstract

Time in range (TIR) is gaining ground as an outcome measure in type 1 diabetes trials. However, inclusion of TIR raises several issues for trial design. In this article, the authors begin by defining TIR and describing the current international consensus around TIR targets. They then expand on evidence for the validity of TIR as a primary clinical trial outcome before concluding with some practical, ethical, and logistical implications.