Effect of Preeclampsia on Ultrastructure of Thyroid Gland, Hepatic Type 1 Iodothyronine Deiodinase, and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Rats

Biomed Res Int. 2021 Apr 20:2021:6681491. doi: 10.1155/2021/6681491. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Background: Although hypothyroidism during pregnancy may develop grave outcomes for both mothers and offspring, management of which is still a challenge due to the insufficient understanding of this disease. The close correlation between hypothyroidism and preeclampsia is well documented, suggesting that preeclampsia is a potential risk factor for the development of maternal hypothyroidism. However, the exact role of preeclampsia in gestational hypothyroidism is still obscure.

Objective: In this study, we explored the possible mechanisms of the effect of preeclampsia on thyroid function of maternal rats.

Methods: Thirty pregnant rats were randomly divided into normal pregnancy control (NOP), preeclampsia (PE), and preeclampsia supplemented with amlodipine besylate (PEAml). NG-Nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester was used to induce preeclamptic symptoms. On gestational day 21, rats were sacrificed, and then, the ultrastructure of the thyroid gland, type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase (Dio1) expression, and serum-free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and thyroid stimulation hormones (TSH) were assessed.

Results: Compared to NOP rats, results of PE rats showed that thyroid follicular cells' ultrastructure was damaged; both hepatic Dio1 mRNA and protein levels were decreased. Interestingly, these changes were ameliorated in PEAml rats. Additionally, FT4, FT3, and TSH levels have no significant differences among groups.

Conclusion: These findings indicated that preeclampsia could disrupt synthesis, secretion, and metabolism function of thyroid hormones by damaging thyroid follicular cells and interfering Dio1 expression.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Female
  • Hypothyroidism / complications
  • Hypothyroidism / metabolism*
  • Iodide Peroxidase / metabolism*
  • Liver / enzymology*
  • NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / metabolism
  • Pre-Eclampsia / metabolism*
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy, Animal
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Risk Factors
  • Thyroid Gland / ultrastructure*
  • Thyroid Hormones / blood*
  • Thyrotropin / blood
  • Thyroxine / blood
  • Time Factors
  • Triiodothyronine / blood

Substances

  • Thyroid Hormones
  • Triiodothyronine
  • Thyrotropin
  • iodothyronine deiodinase type I
  • Iodide Peroxidase
  • Thyroxine
  • NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester