The survival after recurrence of colorectal cancer: a retrospective study focused on time to recurrence after curative resection

Surg Today. 2022 Feb;52(2):239-250. doi: 10.1007/s00595-021-02336-z. Epub 2021 Jul 16.

Abstract

Purpose: The significance of the duration of the recurrence-free survival after curative resection for colorectal cancer remains unclear. The purpose was to reveal the association between time to recurrence after surgery and the survival after recurrence.

Methods: Patients with stage II and III colorectal cancer who underwent curative resection between 2007 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed (n = 645). Patients with recurrence after surgery (n = 133) were divided into 2 groups: early recurrence (within 13 months after surgery, n = 63) and late recurrence (more than 13 months after surgery, n = 70). The overall survival after recurrence and clinicopathological features were compared between early recurrence, late recurrence, and without recurrence groups.

Results: The overall survival after recurrence was significantly shorter in patients with early recurrence occurring at less than 13 months (hazard ratio: 1.70, p = 0.03). A high preoperative CA19-9 level (odds ratio [OR]: 2.38, p = 0.03), venous invasion (OR: 2.26, p = 0.03), and the absence of adjuvant chemotherapy (OR: 2.08, p = 0.04) were independently correlated with early recurrence.

Conclusion: Early recurrence was associated with a poor prognosis after recurrence. Venous invasion correlated with early recurrence. Adjuvant chemotherapy may reduce the risk of early recurrence. These results indicate the importance of prudent surveillance and the aggressive application of adjuvant chemotherapy.

Keywords: Colorectal cancer; OS after recurrence; Time to recurrence.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Digestive System Surgical Procedures / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Young Adult