Is There a Role for Intraoperative Navigation During Cochlear Implantation in Patients With Aural Atresia?

Otol Neurotol. 2021 Oct 1;42(9):e1250-e1255. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000003283.

Abstract

Objective: Concurrent bilateral congenital aural atresia (CAA) and profound sensorineural hearing loss are rare. While not a contraindication, temporal bone and cochleovestibular abnormalities are an important consideration for cochlear implantation (CI) candidacy. Intraoperative image-guided surgical navigation may play a role during CI surgery in patients with complex anatomy, such as CAA.

Patient: One patient with bilateral CAA, cochlear dysplasia, speech delay, and profound sensorineural hearing loss underwent candidacy evaluation for cochlear implantation.

Interventions: Cochlear implantation using intraoperative image-guided navigation.

Main outcome measures: (1) Registration accuracy, (2) surgical outcomes, (3) audiometry.

Results: A four-year-old girl with complete bilateral CAA and profound sensorineural hearing loss successfully underwent a right transmastoid approach for CI using intraoperative image-guided navigation with sticker fiducials. Bony landmarks included the mastoid tip, tympanomastoid suture line, helical root, zygomatic root, and lateral brow. A registration accuracy of 0.9 mm was achieved. There were no intraoperative or immediate postoperative complications. Postoperatively, Neural Response Imaging was confirmed on 9 electrodes and behavioral testing demonstrated Ling-6 access at 30 dB. On most recent follow-up, she has demonstrated gains in language development, vocalizations, and uses total communication in a hearing-impaired educational environment.

Conclusions: Children with CAA and profound sensorineural hearing loss may be candidates for cochlear implantation, with successful outcomes in the setting of complex anatomy. Surgical navigation may play a role corroborating intraoperative landmarks.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Audiometry
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cochlea / surgery
  • Cochlear Implantation*
  • Cochlear Implants*
  • Female
  • Hearing Loss* / surgery
  • Hearing Loss, Sensorineural* / surgery
  • Humans
  • Speech Perception*
  • Treatment Outcome