Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of intestinal protozoan infections among rural children in Henan Province.
Methods: A total of 104 survey sites were sampled from 35 counties (cities) in Henan Province using the stratified cluster sampling method to investigate the prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections among rural children from 2014 to 2015. The trophozoites and cysts of intestinal protozoa were identified using the iodine staining method and the physiological saline direct smear method (one detection for one stool sample). The prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections was compared among rural children with different characteristics, and the factors affecting intestinal protozoan infections among rural children were identified.
Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections was 0.60% (40/6 771) among rural children in Henan Province from 2014 to 2015. There were 7 species of intestinal protozoa identified, and there was no species-specific prevalence (χ2 = 37.732, P = 0.000). No significant differences were found in prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections among rural children in terms of gender (χ2 = 1.793, P = 0.181), age (χ2 = 1.443, P = 0.486), occupation (χ2 = 0.219, P = 0.896) or ecological region (χ2 = 1.700, P = 0.637). In addition, terrain (χ2 = 2.311, P = 0.510), economic level (χ2 = 4.322, P = 0.229), source of drinking water (χ2 = 0.731, P = 0.393), eating raw vegetables (χ2 = 1.134, P = 0.287) and deworming (χ2 = 1.089, P = 0.297) had no remarkable effects on the prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections among rural children in Henan Province; however, the prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections varied significantly among rural children living in regions with different coverage of non-harmless toilets (χ2 = 10.050, P = 0.018).
Conclusions: The prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections is low among rural children in Henan Province.
［摘要］ 目的 了解河南省农村儿童肠道原虫感染率及相关影响因素。方法 2014—2015年采用分层整群抽样法, 共 选取河南省35个县 (市) 104个调查点进行农村儿童肠道原虫感染调查, 采用碘液和生理盐水直接涂片法 (1粪1检) 检查 肠道原虫包囊和滋养体。比较不同特征农村儿童的肠道原虫感染率, 分析影响农村儿童肠道原虫感染率的相关因素。结果 河南省农村儿童肠道原虫总感染率为0.60% (40/6 771), 共检出7种肠道原虫, 不同虫种感染率差异有统计学意义 (χ2 = 37.732, P = 0.000) 。不同性别 (χ2 = 1.793, P = 0.181) 、年龄 (χ2 = 1.443, P = 0.486) 、职业 (χ2 = 0.219, P = 0.896) 、生态 区 (χ2 = 1.700, P = 0.637) 儿童肠道原虫感染率差异均无统计学意义。地形 (χ2 = 2.311, P = 0.510) 、经济水平 (χ2 = 4.322, P = 0.229) 、饮用水源 (χ2 = 0.731, P = 0.393) 、生食凉拌蔬菜 (χ2 = 1.134, P = 0.287) 、集体驱虫情况 (χ2 = 1.089, P = 0.297) 对农村儿童肠道原虫感染率无显著影响, 但不同无害化厕所覆盖率地区农村儿童肠道原虫感染率差异有统计学意义 (χ2 = 10.050, P = 0.018) 。结论 河南省农村儿童肠道原虫感染率较低。.
Keywords: Henan Province; Influencing factor; Intestinal protozoa; Rural children.