Hearing Loss and Tinnitus

Scott B Shapiro; Kimberley S Noij; James G Naples; Ravi N Samy

doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2021.05.003

Hearing Loss and Tinnitus

Med Clin North Am. 2021 Sep;105(5):799-811. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.05.003. Epub 2021 Jul 12.

Authors

Scott B Shapiro¹, Kimberley S Noij², James G Naples³, Ravi N Samy¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine.
² Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
³ Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 85 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: jnaples@bidmc.harvard.edu.

PMID: 34391534
DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.05.003

Abstract

A focused history, otoscopic and tuning fork examination and formal hearing testing are the diagnostic pillars for the workup of hearing loss and tinnitus. The causes of hearing loss and tinnitus are varied and range from relatively common age-related hearing loss to rare tumors of the brain and skull base. In this chapter, the authors explain the diagnostic workup of hearing loss and tinnitus, review the pathophysiology of the most common causes, and describe the treatments available.

Keywords: Chronic otitis media; Cochlear implant; Conductive; Hearing aid; Hearing loss; Sensorineural; Tinnitus.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Audiometry
Cochlear Implants
Hearing Aids
Hearing Loss / diagnosis
Hearing Loss / etiology
Hearing Loss / physiopathology*
Hearing Loss / therapy
Hearing Loss, Conductive / diagnosis
Hearing Loss, Conductive / physiopathology
Hearing Loss, Conductive / therapy
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / diagnosis
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / physiopathology
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / therapy
Hearing Tests
Humans
Primary Health Care
Severity of Illness Index
Tinnitus / diagnosis
Tinnitus / etiology
Tinnitus / physiopathology*
Tinnitus / therapy