Nivolumab-Related Dry Mouth and Dry Eye: Cross-Sectional Study

Cancer Invest. 2021 Nov;39(10):797-807. doi: 10.1080/07357907.2021.1971241. Epub 2021 Sep 22.

Abstract

To evaluate ICIs related dry eye and dry mouth in nivolumab therapy, 24 patients receiving nivolumab (group 1), 30 patients in remission without treatment for 6 months (group 2), 30 healthy participants (group 3) were cross-sectionally examined. Schirmer's 1, 2, TSH blood tests, serological analysis, salivary flow scintigraphy and minor-salivary gland biopsy were performed. Schirmer's tests were performed with anesthetic (1) and without anesthetic (2). Schirmer's scores were lower in group 1 with more frequent reduced tear production (p < 0.001). TSH levels negatively correlated with Schirmer's scores. Functional insufficiency was detected by salivary flow scintigraphy in 7 out of 10 patients with Schirmer's test positivity. In Schirmer's positive patients, lymphocytic sialadenitis was confirmed in 4 patients (focus score > 1) and CD4 T lymphocyte precipitation was observed in 6 patients. Nivolumab therapy may be associated with ICIs related immune sicca.

Keywords: Nivolumab; Reduced tear production; Schirmer’s.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Dry Eye Syndromes / chemically induced*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nivolumab / adverse effects*
  • Saliva / drug effects
  • Saliva / physiology
  • Thyrotropin / blood
  • Xerostomia / chemically induced*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
  • Nivolumab
  • Thyrotropin