Understanding the basic assessment and treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in older women

Abstract

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are prevalent in older women. These symptoms are often under-reported due to the potentially embarrassing nature of the symptoms and a belief that they are an inevitable consequence of ageing. LUTS such as urinary incontinence have a significant negative effect on people's quality of life; however, with the appropriate assessment and management, improvements can be achieved. This article reviews the different types of LUTS and their causes, assessment and treatment, focusing on older women. It aims to provide nurses with an understanding of LUTS so that they can identify appropriate interventions.

Keywords: clinical; continence; frailty; nocturnal enuresis; older people; stress incontinence; urge incontinence; urinary incontinence.