An Updated Definition and Severity Classification of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations: The Rome Proposal

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
• ² Section of Respiratory Medicine, Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
• ³ The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
• ⁴ Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
• ⁵ Institut Clínic Respiratori, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
• ⁶ Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain.
• ⁷ Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.
• ⁸ Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
• ⁹ Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• ¹⁰ Department of Research and Education, CIRO, Horn, the Netherlands.
• ¹¹ Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
• ¹² Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
• ¹³ Université Paris-Saclay and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 999, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
• ¹⁴ UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
• ¹⁵ Respiratory Investigation Unit, Queens University and Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
• ¹⁶ "Luigi Sacco" Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
• ¹⁷ Section of Respiratory Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
• ¹⁸ Emergency Department, St. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy.
• ¹⁹ Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York.
• ²⁰ Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats Acadèmia, Centre d'Investigació Biomèdica en Xarxa de Malalties Respiratòries, Barcelona, Spain.
• ²¹ Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of Giessen and Marburg, Philipps University of Marburg, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany; and.
• ²² Respiratory Division, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.