Obesity and oral health in Mexican children and adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Context: A relationship between obesity and poor oral health has been reported.

Objective: To investigate the association between overweight/obesity and oral health in Mexican children and adolescents.

Data sources: A literature search was conducted of 13 databases and 1 search engine for articles published from 1995 onward.

Data analysis: A total of 18 publications were included. Evidence was inconclusive and varied according to sociodemographic factors or outcome measuring tools. The Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth and Filled Teeth Surfaces indices and the decayed extracted filled teeth index outcomes were included in a random effects model meta-analysis. Pooled estimates showed no statistically significant oral health differences (measured via the decayed extracted filled teeth or the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth Surfaces indexes) among body mass index (BMI) categories. However, pooled estimates of 6 studies showed that children with higher BMI had worse oral health in permanent teeth (measured via the Decayed Missing Filled Teeth Index) than children with lower BMI (overall mean difference, -0.42; 95%CI, -0.74, -0.11).

Conclusion: Whether there is an association between poor oral health and high BMI is inconclusive; however, both co-exist among Mexican children. Therefore, health promotion and prevention efforts should address common risk factors and broader risk social determinants shared between noncommunicable diseases.

Keywords: Mexico; adolescents; caries; children; obesity; oral health.