Introduction: The link between sex hormones and migraines has long been investigated but the mechanisms underlying this altered interaction are not yet fully understood. Herein, we retrace the knowledge on this association in relationship with risk of stroke.
Areas covered: Estrogens fluctuations could trigger migraine attacks and exogenous estrogens intake could be a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and stroke. At the same time, ischemic heart diseases and stroke share a common substrate with migraine and other mood disorders, depression, and anxiety.
Expert opinion: The use of hormonal therapies in the context of contraception or replacement therapy must be closely evaluated in a careful risk assessment. We highlight the complex interaction of hormone/neuroinflammation pathways underlying the pathophysiology of migraine glimpsing in mood disorders a possible common denominator of link between hormonal and neuronal systems.
Keywords: Migraine; hormonal contraception; hormonal therapy; mood disorders; risk management; stroke.