GC-MS profiling and in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of Trianthema triquetra Rottl. ex Willed

Pak J Pharm Sci. 2021 Jul;34(4(Supplementary)):1561-1568.

Abstract

Trianthema triquetra Rottl. ex Willed is being used as herbal remedy for chronic ulcer, wound healing, diabetes, skin and inflammatory diseases in India and Pakistan. Still, no scientific data is available about the therapeutic potential and phytochemistry of the plant. The aim of the current investigation is to perform GC-MS analysis, antioxidant (total phenolic and flavonoid content, DPPH assay), antimicrobial (disc diffusion assay) and cytotoxic (XTT and RBC's cellular membrane protection assay) studies. Whole plant material was dried and extracted with methanol to get crude methanolic extract and then it was fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, chloroform, n-butanol and water. Results showed that n-butanol fraction exhibited a significant (p<0.05) antioxidant potential measured by DPPH assay (IC50=63.35±0.13μg/mL) and also possess highest phenolic content (177±4.36mg/g GAE). Whereas, n-hexane fraction showed highest flavonoid content (14.67±1.53mg/g QE). Two major components (2, 4-Ditert-butyl-6-nitrophenol (26.79%) and Squalene (25.64%) were detected in GC-MS analysis of chloroform fraction, eluted from column chromatography. Moreover, chloroform fraction also exhibited antibacterial activity towards all the tested strains of bacteria and fungi. Significant (p<0.05) dose dependent inhibition response on cell growth against CCRF-CEM cell lines was exhibited by methanolic extract. Furthermore, hemolytic potential of methanolic extract was found to be in safe range (2.23%-6.37%). So, it can be inferred that Trianthema triquetra can be exploited as an alternative remedy for cancer, oxidative stress related disorders and in various skin diseases.

MeSH terms

  • Aizoaceae / chemistry*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
  • Antioxidants / chemistry
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Survival / drug effects*
  • Erythrocyte Membrane / drug effects
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Humans
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Antioxidants
  • Plant Extracts