Correlation between Renal Artery Anatomy and Hypertension: A Retrospective Analysis of 3000 Patients

Jiayi Shen; Lingchun Lyu; Xiaoyan Wu; Jiansong Ji; Chunlai Zeng; Shan Li; Yanan Zhao; Jian Xu; Li Lin; Chenyin Lu; Wei Mao; Tiemin Wei

doi:10.1155/2021/9957361

Correlation between Renal Artery Anatomy and Hypertension: A Retrospective Analysis of 3000 Patients

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Dec 29:2021:9957361. doi: 10.1155/2021/9957361. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Jiayi Shen^{1

2}, Lingchun Lyu^{1

2}, Xiaoyan Wu¹, Jiansong Ji^{1

3}, Chunlai Zeng^{1

2}, Shan Li^{1

4}, Yanan Zhao^{1

4}, Jian Xu¹, Li Lin¹, Chenyin Lu^{1

3}, Wei Mao⁵, Tiemin Wei^{1

2

4}

Affiliations

¹ Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China.
² Lishui Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China.
⁴ Lishui Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Diseases Control Centre, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China.
⁵ Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the correlation between renal artery anatomy and blood pressure in Undiagnosed Hypertension and Diagnosed Hypertension.

Methods: The renal artery CT scanning imaging data and laboratory data of 3000 inpatients and outpatients were collected retrospectively in 4 centers of China. Morphometric parameters were assessed using the quantitative vascular analysis (unit: mM).

Results: 687 cases (23.2%) had accessory renal arteries unilaterally, and 216 cases (7.3%) had bilateral accessory renal arteries, including left kidney 825 (27.9%) and right kidney 798 (27.0%). The presence of accessory renal arteries and renal artery branches was higher in the diagnosed hypertension group as compared with the undiagnosed hypertension group (MARB, pp < 0.001; ARA, p < 0.001; others, p < 0.001). Consequently, multivariate regression analysis showed that age (OR = 2.519 (95% CI: 0.990-6.411, p < 0.001)), dyslipidemia (OR = 1.187 (95% CI: 0.960-1.454, p = 0.007)), renal hilum Outside the main renal artery branch (MRAB) (OR = 2.069 (95% CI: 1.614-2.524, p = 0.002)), and accessory renal artery (ARA) (OR = 2.071 (95% CI: 1.614-2.634, p = 0.001)) were risk factors of hypertension. In addition, higher renin activity was associated with ARA patients (2.19 ± 2.91 vs. 1.75 ± 2.85, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: When comparing renal arteries side by side, the anatomical length of the renal arteries is significantly different. In addition, the prevalence of accessory renal arteries and renal artery branches is higher in the hypertension group. The auxiliary renal artery and the main renal artery branch outside the renal portal are independent factors of hypertension. Renal sympathetic nerve activity is affected by renin activity and is related to the accessory renal artery.