Disruption of pancreatic stellate cell myofibroblast phenotype promotes pancreatic tumor invasion

Cell Rep. 2022 Jan 25;38(4):110227. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110227.

Abstract

In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), differentiation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) into myofibroblast-like cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can both promote and suppress tumor progression. Here, we show that the Rho effector protein kinase N2 (PKN2) is critical for PSC myofibroblast differentiation. Loss of PKN2 is associated with reduced PSC proliferation, contractility, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) stress fibers. In spheroid co-cultures with PDAC cells, loss of PKN2 prevents PSC invasion but, counter-intuitively, promotes invasive cancer cell outgrowth. PKN2 deletion induces a myofibroblast to inflammatory CAF switch in the PSC matrisome signature both in vitro and in vivo. Further, deletion of PKN2 in the pancreatic stroma induces more locally invasive, orthotopic pancreatic tumors. Finally, we demonstrate that a PKN2KO matrisome signature predicts poor outcome in pancreatic and other solid human cancers. Our data indicate that suppressing PSC myofibroblast function can limit important stromal tumor-suppressive mechanisms, while promoting a switch to a cancer-supporting CAF phenotype.

Keywords: CAF; PKN2; Rho GTPases; cancer-associated fibroblasts; matrisome; pancreatic cancer; protein kinase N2; tumour microenvironment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness / pathology*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Pancreatic Stellate Cells / metabolism
  • Pancreatic Stellate Cells / pathology*
  • Phenotype
  • Protein Kinase C / metabolism
  • Tumor Microenvironment / physiology

Substances

  • protein kinase N
  • Protein Kinase C