Personal, professional, and psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital workers: A cross-sectional survey

PLoS One. 2022 Feb 15;17(2):e0263438. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263438. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the personal, professional, and psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital workers and their perceptions about mitigating strategies.

Design: Cross-sectional web-based survey consisting of (1) a survey of the personal and professional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and potential mitigation strategies, and (2) two validated psychological instruments (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale [K10] and Impact of Events Scale Revised [IES-R]). Regression analyses were conducted to identify the predictors of workplace stress, psychological distress, and post-traumatic stress.

Setting and participants: Hospital workers employed at 4 teaching and 8 non-teaching hospitals in Ontario, Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: Among 1875 respondents (84% female, 49% frontline workers), 72% feared falling ill, 64% felt their job placed them at great risk of COVID-19 exposure, and 48% felt little control over the risk of infection. Respondents perceived that others avoided them (61%), reported increased workplace stress (80%), workload (66%) and responsibilities (59%), and 44% considered leaving their job. The psychological questionnaires revealed that 25% had at least some psychological distress on the K10, 50% had IES-R scores suggesting clinical concern for post-traumatic stress, and 38% fulfilled criteria for at least one psychological diagnosis. Female gender and feeling at increased risk due to PPE predicted all adverse psychological outcomes. Respondents favoured clear hospital communication (59%), knowing their voice is heard (55%), expressions of appreciation from leadership (55%), having COVID-19 protocols (52%), and food and beverages provided by the hospital (50%).

Conclusions: Hospital work during the COVID-19 pandemic has had important personal, professional, and psychological impacts. Respondents identified opportunities to better address information, training, and support needs.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Psychological
  • Adult
  • COVID-19 / epidemiology*
  • COVID-19 / virology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Health Personnel / psychology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Occupational Stress
  • Ontario / epidemiology
  • Pandemics
  • Psychological Distress
  • Risk
  • SARS-CoV-2 / isolation & purification
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / etiology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Workload

Grants and funding

KH, SM, IB, JB Lawson Health Research Institute’s Internal Research Fund (IRF-5-20). https://www.lawsonresearch.ca/ The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.