Screening for Colorectal Cancer

Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2022 Jun;36(3):393-414. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2022.02.001. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Screening reduces CRC incidence and mortality. 2021 US Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines and available evidence support routine screening from ages 45 to 75, and individualized consideration of screening ages 76 to 85. USPSTF guidelines recommend annual guaiac fecal occult blood testing, annual fecal immunochemical testing (FIT), annual to every 3-year multitarget stool DNA-FIT, every 5-year sigmoidoscopy, every 10-year sigmoidoscopy with annual FIT, every 5-year computed tomographic colonography, and every 10-year colonoscopy as options for screening. The "best test is the one that gets done."

Keywords: Colorectal cancer; Early detection; Incidence; Mortality; Prevention; Screening.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Colonoscopy / methods
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / epidemiology
  • Early Detection of Cancer* / methods
  • Humans
  • Mass Screening / methods
  • Middle Aged
  • Occult Blood
  • Sigmoidoscopy
  • United States