Polymer chimera of stapled oncolytic peptide coupled with anti-PD-L1 peptide boosts immunotherapy of colorectal cancer

Theranostics. 2022 Apr 24;12(7):3456-3473. doi: 10.7150/thno.71129. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Rationale: Scarce tumor mutation burden and neoantigens create tremendous obstacles for an effective immunotherapy of colorectal cancer (CRC). Oncolytic peptides rise as a promising therapeutic approach that boosts tumor-specific immune responses by inducing antigenic substances. However, the clinical application of oncolytic peptides has been hindered because of structural instability, proteolytic degradation, and undesired toxicity when administered systemically. Methods: Based on wasp venom peptide, an optimized stapled oncolytic peptide MP9 was developed with rigid α-helix, protease-resistance, and CRC cell cytotoxicity. By incorporating four functional motifs that include D-peptidomimetic inhibitor of PD-L1, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) cleavable spacer, and MP9 with 4-arm PEG, a novel peptide-polymer conjugate (PEG-MP9-aPDL1) was obtained and identified as the most promising systemic delivery vehicle with PD-L1 targeting specificity and favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Results: We demonstrated that PEG-MP9-aPDL1-driven oncolysis induces a panel of immunogenic cell death (ICD)-relevant damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) both in vitro and in vivo, which are key elements for immunotherapy with PD-L1 inhibitor. Further, PEG-MP9-aPDL1 exhibited prominent immunotherapeutic efficacy in a CRC mouse model characterized by tumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells and induction of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) in the spleens. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that PEG-MP9-aPDL1 is an all-in-one platform for oncolytic immunotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB).

Keywords: colorectal cancer; immunogenic cell death; oncolytic immunotherapy; peptide-polymer conjugate; stapled mastoparan peptide.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • B7-H1 Antigen* / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
  • Immunologic Factors
  • Immunotherapy
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
  • Mice
  • Peptides
  • Polymers

Substances

  • B7-H1 Antigen
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
  • Immunologic Factors
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
  • Peptides
  • Polymers