Symptomatic Radiation Pneumonitis After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Multiple Pulmonary Oligometastases or Synchronous Primary Lung Cancer

Noriko Kishi; Yukinori Matsuo; Masahiro Yoneyama; Kazuhito Ueki; Takashi Mizowaki

doi:10.1016/j.adro.2022.100911

Symptomatic Radiation Pneumonitis After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Multiple Pulmonary Oligometastases or Synchronous Primary Lung Cancer

Adv Radiat Oncol. 2022 Feb 5;7(3):100911. doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2022.100911. eCollection 2022 May-Jun.

Authors

Noriko Kishi¹, Yukinori Matsuo¹, Masahiro Yoneyama¹, Kazuhito Ueki¹, Takashi Mizowaki¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Abstract

Purpose: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) can be easily used for patients with tumors in various organs and is a promising local therapy for eradicating tumors in cancer patients. There is a rising clinical need for increasing knowledge of oligometastases in the treatment of multiple pulmonary tumors. This study aimed to explore the predictive factors for symptomatic radiation pneumonitis (RP) after SBRT for multiple pulmonary oligometastases or synchronous primary lung cancer (SPLC).

Methods and materials: A total of 38 consecutive patients who had 2 or more pulmonary oligometastases (n = 21) or SPLC (n = 17) and who were treated with SBRT were investigated. Patient characteristics, tumor characteristics, and details of radiation therapy were retrospectively collected from a clinical database. The association between RP of grade 2 or worse (grade 2+ RP) and clinical or dosimetric factors was assessed using logistic regression analyses.

Results: The tumors presented ipsilaterally in 24 patients and bilaterally in 14 patients. During the median follow-up period of 4.9 years, grade 2+ RP, grade 2 RP, and grade 3 RP were observed in 9 patients (23.7%), 7 patients (18.4%), and 2 patients (5.3%), respectively. The mean lung dose (MLD) and the volume of the normal lung receiving ≥5 Gy (lung V_5Gy) were significantly associated with grade 2+ RP (P = .023 and P = .012, respectively). The logistic model showed that 20% and 50% of the predicted probability of grade 2+ RP were 6.1 Gy and 9.1 Gy for MLD and 31.6 % and 42.8% for lung V_5Gy, respectively.

Conclusion: Although further investigation is required to validate the metrics and establish reliable dose constraints, the dose-volume metrics for the normal lung could be predictive of the development of grade 2+ RP after SBRT for multiple pulmonary oligometastases or SPLCs.