[The value of preservation of subvalvular structures in patients with mitral and aortic valve replacement surgery and its effect on left ventricular contractility]

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2022 Jun 28;102(24):1839-1845. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220119-00138.
[Article in Chinese]

Abstract

Objective: To discuss the clinical value of preserving subvalvular structure in mitral and aortic valve replacement surgery and its effect on left ventricular contractility. Methods: A total of 97 patients who underwent mitral valve replacement surgery in the Adult Cardiac Surgery of Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital from June 2016 to December 2018 were selected as the research subjects, of whom 45 cases were preserved subvalvular structure and 52 cases were in the total resection group (intraoperative total resection of the mitral valve and subvalvular chordae tendineae). General cardiac function indexes and left ventricular function quantitative indexes were compared before and in 3 months and 6 months after the operation of the two groups; The changes of the overall longitudinal strain of the long axis of the apex and the overall circumferential strain of the short axis of the left ventricle determined by the two-dimensional speckle tracking technology were compared before and after the operation. Results: The ages of the patients in the preservation group and the total resection group were (41.8±11.3) and (43.3±10.6) years old, respectively, and the male proportions were 58.0% (26 cases) and 44.0% (23 cases), respectively, with no significant difference (all P>0.05). The aortic occlusion time and cardiopulmonary bypass time of the patients in the preservation group were (57.8±4.5) and (78.6±6.7) min, respectively, which were longer than those in the total resection group [(48.1±4.4) and (48.1±4.4) min, respectively] (all P<0.05). The left atrial pressure of the patients in the preservation group at shutdown was (8.4±1.8) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), which was lower than that of the total resection group (11.3±2.5) mmHg (P<0.001). There were interaction effects between groups and time in regards to the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ( LVEDD ), left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF ) and Tei index, as well as the strain rate of mitral annulus and left ventricular wall of interventricular septum of the preservation group and the total resection group (all P<0.05). LVEDD and LVEF of patients in the preservation group at 3rd month after operation were (44.7±4.0) mm and (45.5±4.2) mm, and at 6th months were (56.5±4.9)% and (58.8±5.0)%, respectively, all larger than (42.7±3.6) mm and (42.7±3.6) mm, (54.5±4.6)% and (56.3±4.8)% of the total resection group. The measured value of LVESD in the preservation group at 3rd month after surgery was (32.6±3.2) mm, which was greater than that in the total resection group (31.2±3.4) mm (P<0.05). The Tei index of patients in the preservation group at 3rd and 6th months after surgery were 1.0±0.2 and 0.8±0.2, respectively, which were lower than those in the total resection group 1.2±0.3 and 0.9±0.2 (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Preserving the subvalvular structure during mitral valve replacement surgery can better improve the patient's left ventricular function and left ventricular systolic capacity.

目的: 探讨二尖瓣及主动脉瓣置换手术中保留瓣膜下结构的临床价值及其对左心室收缩力的影响。 方法: 选取2016年6月至2018年12月河南省人民医院心脏中心华中阜外医院成人心脏外科实施二尖瓣置换手术治疗的97例患者作为研究对象,根据术中是否保留瓣膜下结构分为保留组45例(术中保留瓣膜下结构)、全切组52例(术中二尖瓣及瓣下腱索全切);比较两组患者手术前及术后随访3和6个月的一般心功能指标、左心室功能定量指标;采用二维斑点追踪技术测定患者手术前后心尖长轴整体纵向应变及左室短轴整体圆周应变参数,并比较两组的差异。 结果: 保留组与全切组患者的年龄分别为(41.8±11.3)和(43.3±10.6)岁,男性分别占58.0%(26例)和44.0%(23例),差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。保留组患者的主动脉阻断时间、体外循环时间分别为(57.8±4.5)和(78.6±6.7)min,均长于全切组[分别为(48.1±4.4)和(48.1±4.4)min](均P<0.05);保留组患者停机时左心房压为(8.4±1.8)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),低于全切组的(11.3±2.5)mmHg(P<0.001);保留组与全切组患者左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、Tei指数测定值、二尖瓣环室间隔侧应变率、二尖瓣环左室壁侧应变率均存在组间×时间的交互效应(均P<0.05)。保留组患者术后3和6个月的LVEDD、LVEF分别为(44.7±4.0)mm和(45.5±4.2)mm,(56.5±4.9)%和(58.8±5.0)%,均大于全切组的(42.7±3.6)mm和(42.7±3.6)mm,(54.5±4.6)%和(56.3±4.8)%(均P<0.05);保留组术后3个月的LVESD为(32.6±3.2)mm,大于全切组的(31.2±3.4)mm(P<0.05);保留组患者术后3和6个月的Tei指数分别为1.0±0.2和0.8±0.2,均低于全切组的1.2±0.3和0.9±0.2(均P<0.05)。 结论: 二尖瓣置换手术中保留瓣膜下结构能更好地改善患者左心功能,提高左心收缩能力。.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aortic Valve / surgery
  • Chordae Tendineae / surgery
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / methods
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis*
  • Heart Ventricles
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency* / surgery
  • Stroke Volume
  • Ventricular Function, Left