Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum after COVID-19 vaccination

Neuroradiology. 2022 Oct;64(10):2085-2089. doi: 10.1007/s00234-022-03010-y. Epub 2022 Jul 9.

Abstract

A 23-year-old previously healthy man (Patient 1) and a 33-year-old woman with a past history of depression (Patient 2) developed neurological symptoms approximately 1 week after receipt of the first COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and deteriorated over the next week. Patient 1 reported nausea, headache, a high fever, and retrograde amnesia. Patient 2 reported visual disturbance, headache, dysarthria, a left forearm tremor, dysesthesia of the mouth and distal limbs, and visual agnosia. PCR test results for SARS-CoV-2 were negative. Complete blood cell count, biochemistry, and antibody test and cerebrospinal fluid test findings were unremarkable. Diffusion-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI of the brain showed a high signal intensity lesion at the midline of the splenium of the corpus callosum compatible with cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs). High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone improved their symptoms and imaging findings. CLOCCs should be considered in patients with neurological manifestation after COVID-19 vaccination.

Keywords: COVID-19; COVID-19 mRNA vaccine; Coronavirus disease 2019; Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum; Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antineoplastic Agents*
  • COVID-19 Vaccines* / adverse effects
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • Corpus Callosum / diagnostic imaging
  • Corpus Callosum / pathology
  • Encephalitis*
  • Female
  • Headache
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Vaccination
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • COVID-19 Vaccines