A High-Throughput Clinical Laboratory Methodology for the Therapeutic Monitoring of Ibrutinib and Dihydrodiol Ibrutinib

Molecules. 2022 Jul 25;27(15):4766. doi: 10.3390/molecules27154766.

Abstract

Ibrutinib (IBR) is an oral anticancer medication that inhibits Bruton tyrosine kinase irreversibly. Due to the high risk of adverse effects and its pharmacokinetic variability, the safe and effective use of IBR is expected to be facilitated by precision dosing. Delivering suitable clinical laboratory information on IBR is a prerequisite of constructing fit-for-purpose population and individual pharmacokinetic models. The validation of a dedicated high-throughput method using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry is presented for the simultaneous analysis of IBR and its pharmacologically active metabolite dihydrodiol ibrutinib (DIB) in human plasma. The 6 h benchtop stability of IBR, DIB, and the active moiety (IBR+DIB) was assessed in whole blood and in plasma to identify any risk of degradation before samples reach the laboratory. In addition, four regression algorithms were tested to determine the optimal assay error equations of IBR, DIB, and the active moiety, which are essential for the correct estimation of the error of their future nonparametric pharmacokinetic models. The noncompartmental pharmacokinetic properties of IBR and the active moiety were evaluated in three patients diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia to provide a proof of concept. The presented methodology allows clinical laboratories to efficiently support pharmacokinetics-based precision pharmacotherapy with IBR.

Keywords: active metabolite; assay error equation; chronic lymphocytic leukemia; liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry; oral anticancer drug; therapeutic drug monitoring; tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

MeSH terms

  • Adenine / analogs & derivatives
  • Humans
  • Laboratories, Clinical
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell* / drug therapy
  • Naphthalenes
  • Piperidines
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Pyrazoles / pharmacology
  • Pyrimidines* / chemistry

Substances

  • Naphthalenes
  • Piperidines
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Pyrazoles
  • Pyrimidines
  • trans-1,2-dihydro-1,2-naphthalenediol
  • ibrutinib
  • Adenine

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the National Research, Development, and Innovation Office (National Bionics Program, Government Decree 1336/2017) of Hungary.