Identification of IOMA-class neutralizing antibodies targeting the CD4-binding site on the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein

Nat Commun. 2022 Aug 3;13(1):4515. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-32208-0.

Abstract

A major goal of current HIV-1 vaccine design efforts is to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). The VH1-2-derived bNAb IOMA directed to the CD4-binding site of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is of interest because, unlike the better-known VH1-2-derived VRC01-class bNAbs, it does not require a rare short light chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDRL3). Here, we describe three IOMA-class NAbs, ACS101-103, with up to 37% breadth, that share many characteristics with IOMA, including an average-length CDRL3. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed that ACS101 shares interactions with those observed with other VH1-2 and VH1-46-class bNAbs, but exhibits a unique binding mode to residues in loop D. Analysis of longitudinal sequences from the patient suggests that a transmitter/founder-virus lacking the N276 glycan might have initiated the development of these NAbs. Together these data strengthen the rationale for germline-targeting vaccination strategies to induce IOMA-class bNAbs and provide a wealth of sequence and structural information to support such strategies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antigens, Viral
  • Binding Sites
  • Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies
  • CD4 Antigens / immunology
  • Complementarity Determining Regions
  • Cryoelectron Microscopy
  • Glycoproteins
  • HIV Antibodies
  • HIV Infections*
  • HIV-1*
  • Humans

Substances

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antigens, Viral
  • Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies
  • CD4 Antigens
  • Complementarity Determining Regions
  • Glycoproteins
  • HIV Antibodies