Surgical Treatment of Cavernous and Fibrous-Cavernous TB in Children

Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2023 Jan;71(1):67-72. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1754318. Epub 2022 Aug 22.

Abstract

Introduction: Treatment of cavernous and fibrous cavernous tuberculosis in children, especially in the presence of multiple drug resistance-tuberculosis or extremely drug resistance-tuberculosis, presents a major challenge.

Materials and methods: We analyzed results of treatment of 65 patients (mean age 14.8 + 2.9 years) with cavernous TB (group I) and 116 patients (mean age 15.6 + 1.9 years) with fibrous-cavernous TB (group II). Evaluation of treatment efficiency was performed directly at discharge and 1 year after treatment according to Lazerson's criteria.

Results: In group I, after 80 operations, two (2.5%) cases showed delayed expansion of the lung after combined resections, in group II, postoperative complications after 160 operations occurred in eight (5.0%) cases (the difference is reliable p ≤0,05). There was no hospital fatality. The effectiveness at the time of discharge from surgery (cessation of bacterization and elimination of decay cavities in the lung) was 100% in groups I and II, respectively. A year later, according to Lazerson's criteria, the efficiency in group I was 100%, in group II was 97.4%.

Conclusion: Operations in patients with cavernous tuberculosis performed after 10 to 12 months of conservative treatment present a lower risk of postoperative complications and relapses of cavernous tuberculosis than operations in patients with fibrous cavernous tuberculosis performed after 22 months or more of treatment.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Humans
  • Lung / surgery
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tuberculosis* / complications
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary* / diagnosis
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary* / surgery