Barriers and facilitators to help-seeking for common mental disorders among university students: a systematic review

J Am Coll Health. 2024 Nov;72(8):2605-2613. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2119859. Epub 2022 Sep 9.

Abstract

Objectives: Common mental disorders affect high proportions of university students. This systematic review aims to summarize the barriers and facilitators to help-seeking for depression and anxiety among university students and provide evidence to improve mental health services. Methods: EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched for eligible papers. Inclusion criteria: (1) published between 1990 and 2021, (2) written in English, (3) had qualitative or quantitative methodology, (4) involved university students, (5) students had depression or anxiety, (6) students were explicitly asked about barriers and facilitators, (7) >60% of study population had mental illness. Results: Ten studies were included into this review. The most common barriers were self-reliance, stigma, and poor mental health literacy. Good mental health literacy and social encouragement were significant facilitators. Conclusions: Universities could encourage help-seeking by targeting stigma and increasing mental health literacy. Future research could explore the role of self-reliance in help-seeking and identify more facilitators.

Keywords: Anxiety; barriers and facilitators; common mental disorders; depression; help-seeking; university students.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Anxiety / psychology
  • Depression / psychology
  • Female
  • Health Literacy / statistics & numerical data
  • Help-Seeking Behavior*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Disorders / psychology
  • Mental Disorders / therapy
  • Mental Health Services / statistics & numerical data
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care* / psychology
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care* / statistics & numerical data
  • Social Stigma*
  • Students* / psychology
  • Students* / statistics & numerical data
  • Universities / organization & administration
  • Young Adult