The impact of posterior-stabilized vs. constrained polyethylene liners in revision total knee arthroplasty

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2023 Feb;143(2):995-1004. doi: 10.1007/s00402-022-04630-y. Epub 2022 Sep 30.

Abstract

Aim: Posterior stabilized (PS) and varus valgus constrained (VVC) knee polyethylene liners have been shown to confer excellent long-term functional results following revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes of patients who underwent rTKA using either a PS or VVC liner.

Methods: A retrospective comparative study of 314 rTKA with either PS or VVC liner and a minimum follow-up time of two years was conducted. Patient demographics, complications, readmissions, and re-revision etiology and rates were compared between groups. Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis was performed to estimate freedom from all-cause revision.

Results: Hospital LOS (3.41 ± 2.49 vs. 3.34 ± 1.93 days, p = 0.793) and discharge disposition (p = 0.418) did not significantly differ between groups. At a mean follow-up of 3.55 ± 1.60 years, the proportion of patients undergoing re-revision did not significantly differ (19.1% vs. 18.7%, p = 0.929). In subgroup analysis of re-revision causes, the VVC cohort had superior survival from re-revision due to instability compared to the PS cohort (97.8% vs. 89.4%, p = 0.003). Freedom from re-revision due to aseptic loosening did not significantly differ between groups (85.2% vs. 78.8%, p = 0.436). Improvements in range of motion (ROM) from preoperative to latest follow-up were similar as well.

Conclusions: PS and VVC liners confer similar survivorship, complication rates, and overall knee ROM in rTKA. VVC liners were not associated with increased postoperative aseptic loosening and demonstrated superior freedom from re-revision due to instability. Future studies with longer follow-up are warranted to better determine significant differences in clinical outcomes between the two bearing options.

Level iii evidence: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Keywords: Constrained liners; Outcomes; Posterior-stabilized liners; Revision; Total knee arthroplasty.

MeSH terms

  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee* / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Knee Joint / surgery
  • Knee Prosthesis* / adverse effects
  • Polyethylene
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Prosthesis Failure
  • Reoperation
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Polyethylene