A hybridized nano-porous carbon reinforced 3D graphene-based epidermal patch for precise sweat glucose and lactate analysis

Md Asaduzzaman; Md Abu Zahed; Md Sharifuzzaman; Md Selim Reza; Xue Hui; Sudeep Sharma; Young Do Shin; Jae Yeong Park

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2022.114846

A hybridized nano-porous carbon reinforced 3D graphene-based epidermal patch for precise sweat glucose and lactate analysis

Biosens Bioelectron. 2023 Jan 1:219:114846. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114846. Epub 2022 Oct 23.

Authors

Md Asaduzzaman¹, Md Abu Zahed¹, Md Sharifuzzaman¹, Md Selim Reza¹, Xue Hui¹, Sudeep Sharma¹, Young Do Shin¹, Jae Yeong Park²

Affiliations

¹ Advanced Sensor and Energy Research Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 447-1, Seoul, 139-701, Republic of Korea.
² Advanced Sensor and Energy Research Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 447-1, Seoul, 139-701, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jaepark@kw.ac.kr.

PMID: 36327564
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114846

Abstract

Wearable electrochemical biosensors for perspiration analysis offer a promising non-invasive biomarker monitoring method. Herein, a functionalized hybridized nanoporous carbon (H-NPC)-encapsulated flexible 3D porous graphene-based epidermal patch was firstly fabricated for monitoring sweat glucose, lactate, pH, and temperature using simple, cost-effective, laser-engraved, and spray-coating techniques. The fabricated H-NPC-modified electrode significantly increased electrochemical surface area and electrocatalytic activity. Within the physiological sweat range (0-1.5 mM), the second-generation glucose sensor exhibited an excellent sensitivity of 82.7 μAmM^-1cm^-2 with 0.025 μM LOD. Moreover, the lactate biosensor exhibited an extraordinary linear range (0-56 mM) response owing to the incorporation of an outer diffusion limiting layer (DLL) that controls the lactate flux reaching the enzyme with comparable sensitivity (204 nAmM^-1cm^-2) and LOD (4 μM). Finally, we employed an analytical correction approach incorporating pH and temperature adjustments during on-body tests. In addition to connecting various carbon-based materials to limitless metal-organic frameworks as a transduction material, our research also paves the way for enabling these sensors to operate on pH and T correction independently while delivering accurate results.

Keywords: 3D graphene; Hybridized nano-porous carbon; MOFs; Wearable device; ZIFs.