One-year mortality and associated factors in patients undergoing surgery for hip fracture

Abstract

Introduction: Hip fractures are very common injuries in elderly patients and are associated with increased mortality.

Objective: To identify the factors associated with mortality in patients after one year of being operated for hip fracture in an Orthogeriatric Program.

Methods: We design an observational analytical study in subjects older than 65 years admitted to the Hospital Universitario San Ignacio for hip fracture who were treated in the Orthogeriatrics Program. Telephone follow-up was performed one year after admission. Data were analyzed using a univariate logistic regression model and a multivariate logistic regression model was applied to control the effect of the other variables.

Results: Mortality was 17.82%, functional impairment was 50.91%, and institutionalization was 13.9%. The factors associated with mortality were moderate dependence (OR=3.56, 95% CI=1.17-10.84, p=0.025), malnutrition (OR=3.42, 95% CI=1.06-11.04, p=0.039), in-hospital complications (OR=2.80, 95% CI=1.11-7.04, p=0.028), and older age (OR=1.09, 95% CI=1.03-1.15, p=0.002). The factor associated with functional impairment was a greater dependence at admission (OR=2.05, 95% CI=1.02-4.10, p=0.041), and with institutionalization was a lower Barthel index score at admission (OR=0.96, 95% CI=0.94-0.98, p=0.001).

Conclusions: Our results shows that the factors associated with mortality one year after hip fracture surgery were: moderate dependence, malnutrition, in-hospital complications and advanced age. Having previous functional dependence is directly related to greater functional loss and institutionalization.

Keywords: Fractura de cadera; Functional loss; Hip fracture; Institucionalización; Institutionalization; Mortalidad; Mortality; Pérdida funcional.