Neighbourhood context is known to shape one's life chances, but much of neighbourhood disadvantage is passed down from parents to children. The gap in social and economic achievements between Black and White families in the United States may partially be explained by differences in the intergenerational transmission of neighbourhood context. Using census tract socio-economic data, we created a national ranking of US census tracts. We then examined intergenerational neighbourhood mobility using 2828 parent-child pairs from a longitudinal household survey. We found that White children, compared with Black children, were more likely to inherit higher neighbourhood ranks from their parents. Income and education had smaller negative effects on neighbourhood rank for White children than Black children, all other things equal. Black children whose parents were in the bottom 25th percentile neighbourhood rank tended to move up in neighbourhood rank. But by much smaller magnitudes than their White counterparts. Our findings indicate that different patterns of intergenerational neighbourhood mobility between White and Black families may be an important factor for persisting racial disparities in the neighbourhood context.
众所周知, 街区环境会影响ー个人的生活机会, 但大部分街区贫困都是由父母传给孩子的。 美国黒人和白人家庭在社会和经济成就上的差距可部分通过街区环境代际传递中的种族差异来解释。我们利用人ロ普查区的社会经济数据, 创建了美国人ロ普查区的全国排名。 然后, 我们使用来自纵向家庭调查的 2828 对父母-子女研宄代际街区流动性。 我们发现, 与黒人儿童相比, 白人儿童更有可能从父母那里继承更高的街区等级。 与黒人儿童相比, 较低的收入和教育对白人儿童的街区等级产生的负面影响较小。 父母的街区排名处于最末四分之一的黒人儿童往往会上升, 但上升幅度比白人儿童要小得多。 我们的研宄结果表明, 白人和黒人家庭之间代际街区流动的不同规律可能是街区背景种族差异持续存在的ー个重要因素。.
Keywords: inequality; intergenerational transmission; neighbourhood; race/ethnicity.