Longitudinal Sleep Study in Pregnancy: Cohort Profile and Prevalence and Risk Factors for Sleep Symptoms in the First Trimester

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 23;20(3):2070. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032070.

Abstract

Sleep disorders could influence pregnancy outcomes but evidence for longitudinal associations is scarce. We established a prospective cohort of women to determine incident sleep issues and their adverse health outcomes during pregnancy and beyond, and present here the baseline cohort profile. Antenatal women in gestational weeks 8-12 were recruited (n = 535) and followed-up in each trimester and at 5-6 weeks postpartum (no attrition). Sleep symptoms and disorders were measured using STOP-Bang and Berlin questionnaires and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Incident health outcomes were extracted from clinical records. At the time of recruitment, habitual snoring was present in 13.8% of participants; "excessive sleepiness during the day" (EDS) in 42.8%; short (<7 h) sleep duration in 46.4%; "having trouble sleeping" in 15.3%; and "poor subjective sleep quality" in 8.6%. Habitual snoring was strongly associated with irregular menstrual periods for one year preceding pregnancy (p = 0.014) and higher BMI (p < 0.001). Higher age was associated with less "trouble sleeping" (OR 0.9, p = 0.033) and longer sleep duration was associated with better "subjective sleep quality" (OR 0.8, p = 0.005). Sleep issues were highly prevalent at baseline and associated with age, irregular menstruation, and obesity. This cohort will provide a robust platform to investigate incident sleep disorders during pregnancy and their effects on adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term health of women and their offspring.

Keywords: antenatal; cohort; incidence; pregnancy; sleep; sleep apnoea; sleep-disordered breathing.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Dyssomnias*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications* / diagnosis
  • Pregnancy Complications* / epidemiology
  • Pregnancy Outcome
  • Pregnancy Trimester, First
  • Prevalence
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sleep
  • Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders*
  • Sleep Wake Disorders* / epidemiology
  • Snoring / epidemiology

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre and the Research Council of the University of Sri Jayewardenepura, grant number ASP/01/RE/MED/2016/60.