Left atrial dissection after a supra-annular mitral valve replacement for endocarditis

J Cardiothorac Surg. 2023 Feb 15;18(1):75. doi: 10.1186/s13019-022-02097-x.

Abstract

Background: Left atrial dissection is a rare and a potentially fatal complication of cardiac surgery. Multi-modal imagery is helpful for the diagnosis and to guide the treatment.

Case presentation: We report the case of a 66-year-old female patient who underwent a combined mitral and aortic valve replacement for degenerative valvular disease. She presented an infectious endocarditis revealed by a third-degree atrioventricular bloc and had a redo mitral- and aortic valve replacement. Mitral valve was inserted in supra-annular position due to annular destruction. Post-operative course was marked by a refractory acute heart failure explained by a left atrial wall dissection confirmed by transoesophageal echocardiography and synchronized cardiac CT-scan. Surgical treatment was theoretically indicated but considering the high risk of a third surgery, a palliative care support was collegially decided.

Conclusions: Left atrial dissection can occur after a redo surgery and supra-annular mitral valve implantation. Multi-modal imagery including transoesophageal echocardiography and cardiac CT-scan is helpful for the diagnosis.

Keywords: Cardiac CT-scan; Left atrial dissection; Transoesophageal echocardiography.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Atrial Fibrillation* / surgery
  • Endocarditis* / surgery
  • Female
  • Heart Failure* / surgery
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation* / adverse effects
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis* / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Mitral Valve / surgery
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency* / surgery