Novel dithiocarbamates selectively inhibit 3CL protease of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses

Eur J Med Chem. 2023 Mar 15:250:115186. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115186. Epub 2023 Feb 6.

Abstract

Since end of 2019, the global and unprecedented outbreak caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 led to dramatic numbers of infections and deaths worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 produces two large viral polyproteins which are cleaved by two cysteine proteases encoded by the virus, the 3CL protease (3CLpro) and the papain-like protease, to generate non-structural proteins essential for the virus life cycle. Both proteases are recognized as promising drug targets for the development of anti-coronavirus chemotherapy. Aiming at identifying broad spectrum agents for the treatment of COVID-19 but also to fight emergent coronaviruses, we focused on 3CLpro that is well conserved within this viral family. Here we present a high-throughput screening of more than 89,000 small molecules that led to the identification of a new chemotype, potent inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro. The mechanism of inhibition, the interaction with the protease using NMR and X-Ray, the specificity against host cysteine proteases and promising antiviral properties in cells are reported.

Keywords: 3CL protease Inhibitors; Antiviral; Coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2.

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Agents / chemistry
  • COVID-19*
  • Coronavirus 3C Proteases
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Peptide Hydrolases
  • Protease Inhibitors / chemistry
  • SARS-CoV-2* / metabolism

Substances

  • Peptide Hydrolases
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases
  • Protease Inhibitors
  • Coronavirus 3C Proteases
  • Antiviral Agents