Differential Performance of Social Communication Questionnaire Items in African American/Black vs. White Children

J Autism Dev Disord. 2024 May;54(5):1820-1833. doi: 10.1007/s10803-023-05931-w. Epub 2023 Mar 10.

Abstract

Screening for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an essential early step in the identification process and inaccurate screening may lead to significant delays in the onset of treatment. Past research has highlighted discrepancies in the performance of ASD screening tools such as the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) among certain racial and ethnic groups. The current study explored the functioning of the SCQ among African American/Black and White respondents based on item level performance on the measure. Differential Item Functioning (DIF) analyses showed that 16 (41%) items of the SCQ functioned differently for African American/Black respondents when compared to White respondents. Implications, such as the potential for delayed diagnosis and treatment, and the influence on downstream outcomes, are discussed.

Keywords: Autism identification; Autism spectrum disorder (ASD); Differential item functioning (DIF); Racial disparities; Social communication questionnaire (SCQ).

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder* / diagnosis
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder* / ethnology
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder* / psychology
  • Black or African American* / psychology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Communication*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Social Behavior
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • White People* / psychology