The Traumatic Grief Inventory-Clinician Administered: A psychometric evaluation of a new interview for ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR prolonged grief disorder severity and probable caseness

Lonneke I M Lenferink; Minita Franzen; Peter M Ten Klooster; Christine Knaevelsrud; Paul A Boelen; Carina Heeke

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.006

The Traumatic Grief Inventory-Clinician Administered: A psychometric evaluation of a new interview for ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR prolonged grief disorder severity and probable caseness

J Affect Disord. 2023 Jun 1:330:188-197. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.006. Epub 2023 Mar 11.

Authors

Lonneke I M Lenferink¹, Minita Franzen², Peter M Ten Klooster³, Christine Knaevelsrud⁴, Paul A Boelen⁵, Carina Heeke⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Health, & Technology, Faculty of Behavioural, Management, and Social Sciences, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, the Netherlands. Electronic address: l.i.m.lenferink@uu.nl.
² Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
³ Department of Psychology, Health, & Technology, Faculty of Behavioural, Management, and Social Sciences, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, the Netherlands.
⁴ Freie University Berlin, Department of Clinical-Psychological Intervention, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
⁵ Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands; ARQ National Psychotrauma Center, Diemen, the Netherlands.

PMID: 36907465
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.006

Abstract

Background: There is a need for an interview-based measure to assess Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) included in the text revision of the fifth Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorder (DSM-5-TR) and 11th edition of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-11). We evaluated the psychometric properties of the Traumatic Grief Inventory-Clinician Administered (TGI-CA); a new interview measuring DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 PGD severity and probable caseness.

Methods: In 211 Dutch and 222 German bereaved adults, the: (i) factor structure, (ii) internal consistency, (iii) test-retest reliability, (iv) measurement invariance across subgroups (e.g., differing in language), (v) prevalence of probable caseness, (vi) convergent validity, and (vii) known-groups validity were examined.

Results: Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) showed acceptable fit for the unidimensional model for DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 PGD. Omega values indicated good internal consistency. Test-retest reliability was high. Multi-group CFAs demonstrated configural and metric invariance for DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 PGD criteria for all group-comparisons; for some we found support for scalar invariance. Rates of probable caseness for DSM-5-TR PGD were lower than ICD-11 PGD. Optimal agreement in probable caseness was reached when increasing the number of accessory symptoms for ICD-11 PGD from 1+ to 3+. Convergent and known-groups validity was demonstrated for both criteria-sets.

Limitations: The TGI-CA was developed to assess PGD severity and probable caseness. Clinical diagnostic interviews for PGD are needed.

Conclusions: The TGI-CA seems a reliable and valid interview for DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 PGD symptomatology. More research in larger and more diverse samples is needed to further test its psychometric properties.

Keywords: Assessment; DSM; DSM-5-TR; ICD-11; Prolonged grief; Screening.

MeSH terms

Adult
Bereavement*
Grief
Humans
International Classification of Diseases
Prolonged Grief Disorder
Psychometrics
Reproducibility of Results