Using histopathology and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 2 gene, we found >2 distinct trematode species that caused ocular trematode infections in children in Sri Lanka. Collaborations between clinicians and parasitologists and community awareness of water-related contamination hazards will promote diagnosis, control, and prevention of ocular trematode infections.
Keywords: ITS2 gene; Sri Lanka; helminths; histopathology; internal transcribed spacer 2; ocular trematodiasis; parasites; phylogeny; trematode; zoonoses.