Efficacy of multivalent recombinant herpesvirus of turkey vaccines against high pathogenicity avian influenza, infectious bursal disease, and Newcastle disease viruses

Vaccine. 2023 May 2;41(18):2893-2904. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.03.055. Epub 2023 Apr 1.

Abstract

Vaccines are an essential tool for the control of viral infections in domestic animals. We generated recombinant vector herpesvirus of turkeys (vHVT) vaccines expressing computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (COBRA) H5 of avian influenza virus (AIV) alone (vHVT-AI) or in combination with virus protein 2 (VP2) of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) (vHVT-IBD-AI) or fusion (F) protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) (vHVT-ND-AI). In vaccinated chickens, all three vHVT vaccines provided 90-100% clinical protection against three divergent clades of high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs), and significantly decreased number of birds and oral viral shedding titers at 2 days post-challenge compared to shams. Four weeks after vaccination, most vaccinated birds had H5 hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers, which significantly increased post-challenge. The vHVT-IBD-AI and vHVT-ND-AI vaccines provided 100% clinical protection against IBDVs and NDV, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that multivalent HVT vector vaccines were efficacious for simultaneous control of HPAIV and other viral infections.

Keywords: HPAIV; HVT recombinant vector vaccine; IBDV; Multivalent vector; NDV; Poultry.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Birnaviridae Infections* / prevention & control
  • Birnaviridae Infections* / veterinary
  • Chickens
  • Herpesviridae*
  • Herpesvirus 1, Meleagrid / genetics
  • Infectious bursal disease virus*
  • Influenza A virus*
  • Influenza in Birds*
  • Newcastle Disease* / prevention & control
  • Newcastle disease virus / genetics
  • Poultry Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Turkeys
  • Vaccines, Combined
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / genetics
  • Viral Vaccines*
  • Virulence

Substances

  • Viral Vaccines
  • Vaccines, Synthetic
  • Vaccines, Combined