Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Mechanical Ventilation, and Inhalation Injury in Burn Patients

Edward Bittner; Robert Sheridan

doi:10.1016/j.suc.2023.01.006

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Mechanical Ventilation, and Inhalation Injury in Burn Patients

Surg Clin North Am. 2023 Jun;103(3):439-451. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2023.01.006. Epub 2023 Mar 21.

Authors

Edward Bittner¹, Robert Sheridan²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Shriners Hospital for Children, 51 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
² Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Shriners Hospital for Children, 51 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address: rsheridan@mgh.harvard.edu.

Abstract

Respiratory failure occurs with some frequency in seriously burned patients, driven by a combination of inflammatory and infection factors. Inhalation injury contributes to respiratory failure in some burn patients via direct mucosal injury and indirect inflammation. In burn patients, respiratory failure leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome, with or without inhalation injury, is effectively managed using principles evolved for non-burn critically ill patients.

Keywords: ARDS; Burn injury; Inhalation injury; Mechanical ventilation; Protective ventilation; Ventilator-induced lung injury.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Burns* / complications
Burns* / therapy
Critical Illness / therapy
Humans
Respiration, Artificial
Respiratory Distress Syndrome* / etiology
Respiratory Distress Syndrome* / therapy
Respiratory Insufficiency*