Updates in the Assessment and Management of Agitation

Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ). 2023 Jan;21(1):35-45. doi: 10.1176/appi.focus.20220064. Epub 2023 Jan 16.

Abstract

Agitated patients can be dangerous to themselves and others. In fact, severe medical complications and death can occur with severe agitation. Because of this, agitation is considered a medical and psychiatric emergency. Regardless of the treatment setting, identifying the agitated patient early is a necessary skill. The authors review relevant literature regarding the identification and management of agitation and summarize current recommendations for adults, as well as children and adolescents.

Keywords: Agitation; Consultation-Liaison; De-escalation; Emergency Psychiatry; Restraint.