Impact of Long-Term Steroid Use on the Disposition of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Retrospective Nationwide Sample Analysis

Endurance O Evbayekha; Gabriel Alugba; Theresa O Akewe; Oyindamola O Obadare; Vanessa O Agberien; Adebola E Omogunwa; Anthony Willie; Jane N Nwafor; Adetoro T Okafor; Okelue E Okobi

doi:10.7759/cureus.38048

Impact of Long-Term Steroid Use on the Disposition of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Retrospective Nationwide Sample Analysis

Cureus. 2023 Apr 24;15(4):e38048. doi: 10.7759/cureus.38048. eCollection 2023 Apr.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Internal Medicine, St. Luke's Hospital, Chesterfield, USA.
² Internal Medicine, Delta State University, Abraka, NGA.
³ Family Medicine, University of Benin, Benin City, NGA.
⁴ Family and Community Medicine, Milk River Community Health Center, Milk River, CAN.
⁵ Internal Medicine, All saint University School of Medicine, Roseau, DMA.
⁶ Clinical Sciences, All Saint University School of Medicine, Roseau, DMA.
⁷ Population Health, Sam Houston State University, Houston, USA.
⁸ Emergency Medicine, Igbinedion University, Okada, NGA.
⁹ Internal Medicine, The University of District of Columbia, Silverspring, USA.
¹⁰ Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, USA.
¹¹ Family Medicine, Medficient Health Systems, Laurel, USA.
¹² Family Medicine, Lakeside Medical Center, Belle Glade, USA.

Abstract

Background Chronic steroid use is debilitating to health, but, in some cases, it is necessary. We examined the effect of chronic steroid use on the discharge disposition of people undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods We queried the National Inpatient Sample Database (NIS) from 2016 to 2019. We identified patients with current chronic steroid use with the International Classification of Diseases for the Tenth (ICD-10) code Z7952. Furthermore, we used the ICD-10 procedure codes for TAVR 02RF3. Outcomes were the length of hospitalization (LOS), Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), disposition, in-hospital mortality, and total hospital charges (THC). Results Between 2016 and 2019, we identified 44,200 TAVR hospitalizations, and 382,497 were on current long-term steroid therapy. Of these, 934 had current chronic steroid use and underwent TAVR (STEROID) with a mean age of 78 (SD=8.4). About 50% were female, 89% were Whites, 3.7% were Blacks, 4.2% were Hispanics, and 1.3% were Asians. Disposition was 'home,' 'home with home health' (HWHH), 'skilled nursing home' (SNF), 'short-term inpatient therapy' (SIT), 'discharged against medical advice' (AMA), and 'died.' A total of 602 (65.5%) were discharged home, 206 ( 22%) were discharged to HWHH, 109 (11.7%) to SNF, and 12 (1.28%) died. In the SIT and AMA groups, there were only three and two patients, respectively, p=0.23. The group that underwent TAVR and was not on chronic steroid therapy (NOSTEROID) had a mean age of 79 (SD=8.5), with 28731 (66.4%) being discharged home, 8399 (19.4%) to HWHH, 5319 (12.3%) to SNF, and 617 (1.43%) died p=0.17. Comparing the STEROID vs. NONSTEROID group, according to the CCI, the STEROID group scored higher than the NOSTEROID group; 3.5 (SD=2) vs. 3 (SD=2) p=0.0001, while for LOS, it was 3.7 days (SD=4.3) vs. 4.1 days (SD=5.3), p=0.28, and the THC was $203,213 (SD=$110,476) vs. $215,858 (SD=$138,540), p=0.15. Conclusion The comorbidity burden of individuals on long-term steroids undergoing TAVR was slightly higher than those not on steroids undergoing TAVR. Despite this, there was no statistically significant difference in their hospital outcomes following TAVR with respect to dispositions.

Keywords: hospitalization; long-term steroid; nis; tavr; transcatheter aortic valve repair.