Correlated decline of cognitive and motor phenotypes and ADRD pathologies in old age

Alzheimers Dement. 2023 Sep;19(9):4150-4162. doi: 10.1002/alz.13347. Epub 2023 Jun 12.

Abstract

Introduction: Examining motor and cognitive decline in separate models may underestimate their associations.

Methods: In a single trivariate model, we examined the levels and rates of decline of three phenotypes, sensor-derived total daily physical activity, motor abilities, and cognition in 1007 older adults during 6 years of follow-up. In 477 decedents, we repeated the model adding fixed terms for indices of nine brain pathologies.

Results: Simultaneous rates of decline of all three phenotypes showed the strongest correlations with shared variance of up to 50%. Brain pathologies explained about 3% of the variance of declining daily physical activity, 9% of declining motor abilities, and 42% of cognitive decline.

Discussion: The rates of declining cognitive and motor phenotypes are strongly correlated and measures of brain pathologies account for only a small minority of their decline. Further work is needed to elucidate the biology underlying correlated cognitive and motor decline in aging adults.

Keywords: aging; cognition; motor abilities; neuropathology; physical activity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aging
  • Cognition*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction*
  • Exercise
  • Humans
  • Phenotype