Challenges in Accurate Diagnosis of HCC in FALD: A Case Series

Abstract

Patients with single ventricle cardiac disease palliated with Fontan procedures inevitably develop Fontan-Associated Liver Disease (FALD), which poses a significant risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Standard imaging criteria for the diagnosis of cirrhosis are not reliable due to parenchymal heterogeneity of FALD. We present 6 cases to demonstrate our center's experience and the challenges in diagnosing HCC within this patient population.

Keywords: Fontan; Fontan associated liver disease; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Single ventricle.