Chemical composition, seasonal variation and antiaging activities of essential oil from Callistemon subulatus leaves growing in Egypt

Omyma Rabie; Heba A S El-Nashar; Taghreed A Majrashi; Tarfah Al-Warhi; Mahmoud A El Hassab; Wagdy M Eldehna; Nada M Mostafa

doi:10.1080/14756366.2023.2224944

Chemical composition, seasonal variation and antiaging activities of essential oil from Callistemon subulatus leaves growing in Egypt

J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2023 Dec;38(1):2224944. doi: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2224944.

Authors

Omyma Rabie¹, Heba A S El-Nashar¹, Taghreed A Majrashi², Tarfah Al-Warhi³, Mahmoud A El Hassab⁴, Wagdy M Eldehna⁵, Nada M Mostafa¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
² Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), Egypt.
⁵ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.

Abstract

Callistemon is an aromatic genus of flowering plants belonging to family Myrtaceae. The essential oils of C. subulatus leaves were collected in four seasons and analyzed using GC/MS. The oils demonstrated monoterpenes as the predominant class. Eucalyptol was the main component in all seasons; summer (66.87%), autumn (58.33%), winter (46.74%) and spring (44.63%), followed by α-pinene; spring (31.41%), winter (28.69%), summer (26.34%) and autumn (24.68%). Winter oil, the highest yield (0.53 mL/100g), was further investigated for its inhibitory activity against enzymes associated with ageing; elastase and acetylcholinesterase. It remarkably inhibited elastase and acetylcholinesterase with IC₅₀ values of 1.05 and 0.20 µg/ml, respectively. A molecular docking study was conducted for the major oil components on the active sites of target enzymes. Eucalyptol revealed the best binding affinity for both enzymes. C. subualtus oil could be used as supplement for management of ageing disorders like skin wrinkles and dementia.

Keywords: Callistemon subulatus; Elastase; acetylcholinesterase; molecular docking; seasonal variation.

MeSH terms

Acetylcholinesterase
Egypt
Eucalyptol / analysis
Eucalyptol / pharmacology
Molecular Docking Simulation
Myrtaceae* / chemistry
Oils, Volatile* / analysis
Oils, Volatile* / chemistry
Oils, Volatile* / pharmacology
Pancreatic Elastase
Plant Leaves / chemistry
Seasons

Substances

Oils, Volatile
Acetylcholinesterase
Eucalyptol
Pancreatic Elastase

Grants and funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through Large Groups Project under grant number [RGP.2/311/44]. The authors extend their appreciation to the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number [PNURSP2023R25], Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.